- All of the following are advantages of a folded cerebral cortex EXCEPTSelect one:a. the need for blood vasculature in the cortex is eliminated.b. neurons are brought into closer three-dimensional relationships.c. more cortical surface can be packed into the skull.d. neural conduction time between areas is reduced.
- The brainstem includes all of the following components EXCEPT theSelect one:a. midbrain.b. medulla.c. hypothalamus.d. pons.
- Within a neuron, the transmission of information is usually ________. Between neurons, the transmission of information is usually ________.Select one:a. electrical ; chemicalb. chemical ; electricalc. electrical ; electricald. chemical ; chemical
- The primary reason why neurons are refractory for a short period after firing action potentials, and the reason underlying the absolute refractory period, is that theSelect one:a. sodium-potassium pump has to remove sodium ions from inside the cell.b. voltage-gated sodium channels are inactivated.c. voltage-gated potassium channels are inactivated.d. sodium-potassium pump has to retrieve potassium ions from outside the cell.
- The value of the membrane potential to which an axon must be depolarized to initiate an action potential is called the ________ potential for that neuron.Select one:a. refractoryb. threshold c. gradedd. resting
- The primary benefit that the nervous system gains from myelination isSelect one:a. increased resting potentials.b. generation of currents actively (action potentials) rather than passively (electrotonic conduction).c. decreased membrane resistance.d. faster neural communication.
- Injury to the hypothalamus would most likely interfere withSelect one:a. memory.b. motor control.c. hormone regulation.d. olfactory sensation.
- The ________, which is comprised of astrocytes, protects the brain from chemical compounds circulating in the body that might otherwise interfere with neuronal activity.Select one:a. sodium-potassium pumpb. lipid bilayerc. myelin sheathd. blood-brain barrier
- The cell body of a neuron contains the same machinery found in most cells, including a nucleus, ribosomes, and mitochondria.Select one:TrueFalse
- Repeated concussions have been associated with later development of:
- Parkinson disease seems to be related to degeneration of the:
- A long, slim, tubelike extension that goes up to 3ft long
- The patient J. K. had Parkinson disease. He showed a deficit in:
- The Gollin figure test and the pursuit rotor task are used to assess:
- Many veterans of the wars in Iraq and Afghanistan developed symptoms of _____, which may be treated with virtual reality exposure therapy.
- Episodic autobiographical amnesias are thought to be linked to damage in the:
- The three brain regions, in addition to the hippocampus and amygdala, that take part in explicit memory are the:
- Brain damage that occurs opposite the site of impact during a traumatic brain injury is called _____ injury.
- Sherry and colleagues have found that given the size of a bird, the hippocampal formation of birds that cache food for the winter is _____ one would expect.
- Which neurotransmitter is needed to activate NMDA and AMPA receptors?