35) If the allele frequency of the dominant allele is 0.4, what value is used for the term p2 in the equation p2 + 2pq + q2 = 1?A) 0.4B) 0.2C) 0.16D) 1637) You are preparing to perform DNA fingerprinting by PCR for the first time. Select the reagent that would result in complications in the interpretation of your results.A) PCR primers that anneal to the repetitive region of the microsatellitesB) PCR primers that anneal to regions flanking the microsatellitesC) Human DNAD) Taq polymerase33) If in a population the rate of mutation that converts the A allele to the a allele is 10-6 and the current frequency of the A allele is 0.75 and the a allele is 0.25, then the frequency of the A and a alleles in the next generation will beA) A: 0.75a: 0.25B) A: 0.7499993a: 0.2500007C) A: 0.750007a: 0.2499993D) A: 0.74a: 0.2618) Natural selection occurs whenA) individuals whose phenotypes are best suited for environmental conditions have higher reproductive success and contribute more alleles to the next generation.B) humans breed certain individuals with the most desirable phenotypes.C) individuals whose phenotypes are best suited for environmental conditions have lower reproductive success but live longer.D) the genotype of an individual does not determine whether or not is has reproductive success.20) Which type of selection would lead to two distinct phenotypes?A) stabilizing selectionB) phenotype selectionC) fitness selectionD) disruptive selectionE) directional selection3) In a given population of Drosophila, curly wings (c ) is recessive to the wild-type condition of straight wings (c+ ). You isolate a population of 35 curly winged flies, 70 flies that are heterozygous for straight wings, and 45 that are homozygous for straight wings. What is the total number of alleles in the gene pool?A) 2B) 150C) 230D) 300E) None of these choices are correct27) Mutations representA) a minor part of microevolution.B) an essential part of microevolution.C) deleterious changes to the fitness of an individual.D) advantageous changes to genes.26) Microevolution is defined asA) changes in the gene pool from one generation to the next.B) changes in gene flow from one generation to the next.C) the ability of different genotypes to succeed in a particular environment.D) morphological changes that occur from one generation to the next.17) Which of the following types of selection creates two phenotypic classes from a single original distribution?A) disruptive selectionB) stabilizing selectionC) directional selectionD) balancing selection40) Consider a hypothetical gene B for which there are two alleles in the population. For every ten BB individuals that survive, six Bb individuals survive, and one bb individual survives. What are the relative fitness values for each genotype?A) wBB = 1.0, wBb = 0.6, wbb = 0.1B) wBB = 100, wBb = 0.6, wbb = 0.01C) wBB = 0.59, wBb = 0.35, wbb = 1.0D) wB = 26, wb = 731) Match each description with the appropriate term concerning sources of new genetic variations in populations.(pdf 풀어보기-답:T)39) Select the definition of genetic drift.A) Changes in allele frequencies in a population due to random fluctuationsB) Changes in allele frequencies in a population due to migrationC) Changes in genotype frequencies in a population due to new mutationsD) Changes in genome size in a species due to random mutations38) Which term describes all the alleles of every gene in the population?A) conglomerateB) gene poolC) polymorphismsD) genotype frequency2) If a gene has more than one allele and each allele has a frequency that is less than 99%, then the gene is considered to be A) monomorphic.B) polymorphic.C) bialleleic.D) polyallelic.30) How does inbreeding affect the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium?A) It makes it more likely for the population to remain in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium.B) It has no effect on the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium.C) It results in a higher level of either dominant or recessive homozygotes.D) It results in a higher level of heterozygotes.13) Migration of a random few individuals from one population to a new area to establish a new population is an example of A) bottleneck effect.B) mutation.C) founder effect.D) selection.24) At equilibrium the allelic and genotypic frequencies of a population change over time.5) The formula p2 + 2pq + q2 = 1 is associated with which of the following?A) calculations of heterozygosityB) Hardy-Weinberg equilibriumC) calculations of recombination frequenciesD) degrees of freedomE) None of these choices are correct.28) The mechanism that results in a change in allele frequencies due to random processes is known asA) genetic drift.B) natural selection.C) migration.D) nonrandom mating.25) The probability that a gene will be altered by a mutation is called the mutation rate.
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