Cell Biology Questions
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Refer to the image Which sequence of metabolic paths could a carbon atom take to go from a molecule of glucose to a molecule of DNA?
A microbiologist is characterizing a newly discovered microorganism that requires an anaerobic environment to live and uses either lactic acid or alcoholic fermentation in its energy metabolism. Which would be a way to determine the type of fermentation the microorganism uses?A). Analyze whether two molecules of pyruvate are formed for every one molecule of glucose fermented.B). Analyze whether two molecules of carbon dioxide are released for every one molecule of glucose fermented.C). Measure the stoichiometry of NAD+ oxidized per glucose molecule catabolized.D). Measure the stoichiometry of ATP formed per glucose molecule catabolized.E). Analyze whether NAD+ is regenerated in the cytoplasm after it is reduced during fermentation.
In eukaryotes, the proton-motive force allows protons to move passively through ATP synthase in which direction?
Energy production occurs in different locations in prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells. Which statement is true for eukaryotes?
Refer to the table The data suggest that _______ are much better sources of energy than either _______ or _______.
If the regeneration of NAD+ were inhibited during lactic acid fermentation, which of the following would likely occur?
Which reaction is not an example of an oxidation-reduction reaction?
What is an example of anabolic interconversion?
The compound 2,4-dinitrophenol (DNP) is a lipid soluble compound that has been used as a weight loss agent. It functions this way by causing the inner mitochondrial membrane to become leaky with respect to protons. Which result might be expected if cells treated with DNP were examined in detail?A). The ratio of ATP produced to glucose oxidized would be greater in these cells than in untreated cells.B). The pH difference across the mitochondrial inner membrane would be greater in these cells than in untreated cells.C). Electron transport in these cells would be completely blocked.D). ATP production would be slower in these cells than in untreated cells.E). The rate of oxygen consumption would be slower in these cells than in untreated cells.
Fermentation is an important process that allows organisms growing in anaerobic environments to harvest energy from glucose. Which statement about fermentation explains one other reason why fermentation is important to anaerobic organisms?
Refer to the figure showing the reaction that links glycolysis to the citric acid cycle.Which statement correctly describes the chemical changes depicted in this reaction?
How many reaction steps are involved in the citric acid cycle?
Refer to the table summarizing information collected from acetyl CoA carboxylase, the enzyme that catalyzes the first committed step in the biosynthesis of fatty acids from acetyl CoA. In these samples, enzyme purified from rat adipose tissue was used. No other cellular components were present when the enzyme in buffer solution was tested, as outlined in the table. Based on the results shown, which statement describes how citrate is likely involved in the regulation of acetyl CoA carboxylase?
How many enzymatic steps are involved in glycolysis in animals?
Atoms in triglycerides could be used in the synthesis of DNA. Which metabolic intermediate and pathway will function as crossover points between triglycerides and DNA?
Refer to the figure. Which half-reactions represent a change from more stored free energy to less stored free energy?A). AH → A and NAD+ → NADHB). AH → A and NADH → NAD+C). AH → A and B → BHD0. B → BH and NADH → NAD+E). B → BH and NAD+ → NADH
The complete oxidation of pyruvate to carbon dioxide and water requires molecules that shuttle electrons to the electron transport chain. Those molecules are
If you were making beer, you would combine water, a starch source such as malted barley that becomes a sugar source during fermentation, and brewer's yeast, which is responsible for the fermentation. As the process proceeds, what is a good indication that your mixture is producing alcohol?
where do each of these energy sources come fromglucoseketone bodiesFA adiposelactic acid and amino acids
what intermediets of glycolosis/CAC/gluconeogenisis go into lipid synthesis