Anatomy Questions

Which of the following is NOT a function of the kidneys?- Regulation of plasma temperature- Regulation of plasma ionic concentration- Regulation of plasma hydrogen concentration- Regulation of plasma osmolarity- Regulation of plasma volume

The mechanism for producing concentrated urine involves- The secretion of antidiuretic hormone (ADH).- Aquaporins being inserted into the membranes of the collecting duct cells.- A high concentration of NaCl in the interstitial fluid that surrounds the collecting ducts.- A properly functioning nephron loop (loop of Henle).- All of the above

Urine is eliminated through the- Liver.- Kidney.- Ureter.- Urinary bladder.- Urethra.

Which of the following would decrease glomerular filtration rate?- Decreasing the efferent arteriole radius- Increasing the efferent arteriole radius or decreasing the efferent arteriole radius- Decreasing the afferent arteriole radius- Increasing the efferent arteriole radius or decreasing the afferent arteriole radius- Increasing the efferent arteriole radius

Altering the radii of the afferent and efferent arterioles provides for _______.- Blood pressure homeostasis- Blood pressure homeostasis and glomerular filtration rate homeostasis- Glomerular hydrostatic pressure homeostasis- Glomerular filtration rate homeostasis- Glomerular filtration rate homeostasis and glomerular hydrostatic pressure homeostasis

A patient excretes a large volume of very dilute urine on a continuing basis. This is may be due to- Overproduction of aldosterone.- Dilation of the afferent arterioles.- Excessive ADH secretion.- Absence of ADH.- Hematuric oliguria.

Metabolic acidosis results in _______.- Rebreathing- Hypoventilation- Hypoventilation and rebreathing- Hyperventilation

Which of the following is(are) hormones?- ADH- Renin- Aldosterone- ADH and aldosterone- ADH, aldosterone and renin

Glomerular (Bowman's) capsule and the glomerulus make up the- Renal corpuscle.- Nephron loop (loop of Henle).- Renal papilla.- Renal pyramid.- Collecting tubule system.

Typical renal blood flow is about ________ percent of cardiac output under resting conditions.- 5- 10- 25- 40- 50

Glucose reabsorption occurs in the _______.- Collecting duct- Descending limb of the loop of Henle- Glomerular capsule- Proximal convoluted tubule

Which structures form the filtration membrane in the nephron?- Afferent arteriole and the glomerular capsule- Afferent arteriole and the efferent arteriole- Glomerulus and the glomerular capsule- Efferent arteriole and the glomerular capsule

Compensation of metabolic alkalosis includes which of the following?- Excreting bicarbonate ion in the renal system- Excreting bicarbonate ion in the renal system and retaining carbon dioxide through the respiratory system- Conserving bicarbonate ion in the renal system- Retaining carbon dioxide through the respiratory system- Conserving bicarbonate ion in the renal system and retaining carbon dioxide through the respiratory system

During myogenic regulation of glomerular filtration rate, an increase in mean arterial pressure will ________.- Cause the afferent arterioles to dilate and thereby maintain a relatively constant glomerular filtration pressure- Cause the efferent arterioles to constrict and thereby maintain a relatively constant glomerular filtration pressure- Cause the efferent arterioles to dilate and thereby maintain a relatively constant glomerular filtration pressure- Cause the afferent arterioles to dilate and thereby allow glomerular filtration pressure to increase- Cause the afferent arterioles to constrict and thereby maintain a relatively constant glomerular filtration pressure

The process of filtration is driven by- Solvent drag.- Blood hydrostatic pressure.- Renal pumping.- Active transport.- Blood osmotic pressure.

Under normal conditions, glomerular filtration depends on three main pressures. Which of those pressures is a pressure that favors the filtration pressure?- Glomerular hydrostatic pressure- Blood colloid osmotic pressure- Capsular hydrostatic pressure- Urinary bladder hydrostatic pressure- Capsular colloid osmotic pressure

The primary function of the proximal convoluted tubule is- Secretion of acids and ammonia.- Reabsorbing nutrients.- Adjusting the urine volume.- Filtration.- Secretion of drugs.

Because the alteration of the afferent or efferent arteriole occurs within the nephron, we refer to this mechanism as _______.- Extrinsic- Independent- Intrinsic- Compensatory

What is the name for the "ball" of capillaries found in the renal corpuscle?- Peritubular capillaries- Efferent arteriole- Glomerulus- Afferent arteriole

T/F: Mastication is the process of chemically reducing food bulk into smaller particles to facilitate swallowing.