Anatomy Questions

The single most important regulator of calcium levels in the blood is ________.A) calcitoninB) parathyroid hormoneC) thyroid hormoneD) gonadotropic hormones

Which of the following is NOT a steroid-based hormone?A) estrogenB) aldosteroneC) epinephrineD) cortisol

Johanna, a 7-year-old girl, is significantly shorter than normal for her age. Her doctorrecommends treatment with a hormone before her growth plates ossify in her long bones. Whichhormone is recommended?A) thyroid stimulating hormoneB) parathyroid hormoneC) growth hormoneD) cortisol

The major targets of growth hormone are ________.A) the blood vesselsB) the thyroid and adrenal glandsC) the liver and gall bladderD) liver, bones, and skeletal muscles

Which of the following is NOT a component of the cyclic AMP signaling mechanism?A) hormone receptorB) effector enzymeC) steroidD) G protein

Dave has discovered a new lipid-soluble hormone. Which of the following is true regardingthis hormone?A) will likely act through a second-messenger systemB) receptor will be located on the plasma membraneC) can be stored in secretory vesiclesD) will be bound to a transport protein in the blood

Which of the following is correctly matched?A) zona glomerulosa — epinephrine and norepinephrineB) zona fasciculata — mineralocorticoidsC) zona reticularis — gonadocorticoidsD) adrenal medulla — glucocorticoids

Which of the following is NOT a typical result of a long-term stress response?A) elevated blood pressureB) decreased production of glucocorticoidsC) loss of muscle massD) impaired immune function

Which hormone has only one known effect: to stimulate milk production by the breasts?A) progesteroneB) estrogenC) oxytocinD) prolactin

Upon landing at the airport in Lagos, Nigeria, Eric feels wide awake even though the localtime is 11pm. Which synthetic hormone supplement could he administer to help adjust to thenew time zone?A) melatoninB) glucagonC) insulinD) growth hormone

During an afternoon class, Lisa starts to feel hungry and worries that her blood sugar levelmay be dropping. Which hormone is helping to prevent a drop in blood sugar level?A) insulinB) glucagonC) aldosteroneD) thyroxine

A man has been told that he is NOT synthesizing enough follicle-stimulating hormone(FSH), and for this reason he may be unable to father a child. Choose the correct statement toexplain this problem.A) FSH stimulates estrogen secretion by ovarian cells; therefore, it is not synthesized by males.B) A hormone made in the anterior pituitary cannot influence fertility.C) FSH stimulates sperm production in the testes.D) The man must be producing progesterone, which inhibits the synthesis of FSH.

As a result of stress, the anterior pituitary releases ________, which stimulates release ofhormones from the adrenal cortex that retain sodium and water, increase blood sugar, and beginbreaking down fats.A) thyroid stimulating hormoneB) growth hormoneC) ACTHD) ADH

The parathyroid glands respond to which type of stimulus?A) hormonalB) neuralC) humoralD) positive

Glucagon ________.A) stimulates the absorption of glucose from the bloodB) triggers gluconeogenesisC) triggers the conversion of glucose into glycogenD) is considered a hypoglycemic hormone

At age 85, Lyle's immune system does not respond to vaccines as well as it did when he wasyounger. The atrophy of which endocrine gland is likely responsible for this?A) thyroidB) anterior pituitaryC) adrenalD) thymus

Melatonin ________.A) is produced by the parathyroid glandsB) is responsible for regulating the sleep cycleC) triggers sexual maturation and pubertyD) is at its highest levels at around noon

John tells you that cholesterol is bad and should be eliminated from your diet. You explain tohim that cholesterol is important. Which of the following hormones is synthesized fromcholesterol?A) growth hormoneB) testosteroneC) oxytocinD) thyroxine

Regulating hormones from the hypothalamus ________.A) enter venous circulation and travel to the heart, which pumps the hormone-containing bloodto the pituitaryB) enter the hepatic portal system, which feeds the pituitaryC) travel by arteries to the pituitaryD) first enter into the hypophyseal portal system

How do glucocorticoids enable the body to deal appropriately with stress?A) by increasing blood glucose, fatty acid, and amino acid levels and enhancing blood pressureB) by decreasing the heart rate, thus decreasing blood pressureC) by stimulating the pancreas to release insulinD) by releasing the neurotransmitters that prepare the body for the stress response