Zoology Questions
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Air conditioning (evaporative cooling) of the nest:
How many describes extanct arthropod species ?
What is the percentage that makes up arthropod diversity?
(Sciuridae) These animals usually glide distances of only 10 to 20 meters, but some can glide considerable distances. The giant flying squirrel of Southeastern Asia for instance can glide up to 450 meters and can bank in midair.
Family Mylagaulidae appeared in the late Oligocene. These extinct mermaid sized rodents were fossorial, and 1 or 2 forms are notable for having prominent nasal horns. The aplodontids Spread later to Europe and Asia but since in the middle placing have lived only in the moist, forested parts of the Pacific slope of North America.
Styles of locomotion vary among Sciurids; The most specialized style occurs in the "flying" squirrels. This group of 15 genre, constituting the tribe Petromyini, is characterized by gliding surfaces formed by a broad folds of skin between the forefoot and hind foot.
The family Gliridae includes 28 species of dormice. They are Old world rodents first known from the early Eocene of Europe and Asia.
Family Aplodontiidae: mountain beaver Family Sciuridae: squirrels and marmotsFamily Gliridae: doremice
Order Lagomorpha- family ochotonidae (pikas, 1 genus, 30 species)- family leporidae (rabbits and hares 11 genera, and 61 species)--13 genera, and 92 species--nearly worldwide distribution--diverse terrestrial habitats (arctic to deserts)--populations undergo dramatic cycles in north
The early success of rodents is indicated by their Eocene abundance in Eurasia and North America and by their rapid radiation.
castorides found in the Pleistocene of North America (60 - 100 kg)
Rodents are an old group, dating back to the late paleocene of North America and Asia. The earliest fossils are late paleocene jaws and scattered teeth, about 57 million years old.
Suborder Castorimorpha-family castoridae: beavers (1 genus, 2 species)-family geomyidae: gophers (6 genera, 40 species)-family heteromyidae: kangaroo rats and allies (6 genera, 60 species)
Because plants are the most abundant food source for terrestrial mammals, it is not surprising that most members of the largest million order, rodentia, are herbivorous. Approximately 42% of all mammals are rodents, with some 33 living families, 400 And 81 genera, and roughly a 2,277 species
Family Aplodontiidae- single species- many ancestral features - pacific northwest - Protrogomorphous masseter - prefers riparian habitats- constructs burrows
Over half of the living families of rodents appeared by the end of the Oligacene. The miocene spread of grasslands or savannas in both the old world and the new world provided new adaptive zones for rodents. The evolution of jerboas (Dipodidae) in the old world and the kangaroo rats and pocket mice (Heteromyidae) in the new world What is probably decisively affected by increasing aridity in the late miocene and the appearance of deserts in the pliocene.
Rodents range in size from 5 g to 50 kg, and recent members of the order rodentia shares a series of distinctive cranial features. The upper and lower jaws each bear a single pair of persistently growing incisors derived from the deciduous 2nd incisors.
- Rodents date to late Paleocene of North America and Asia - Primitively- temporalid large and masseter not specialized
Suborder Myomorpha-family dipodidae (jerboas, birch mice)-family plaracanthomyidae (tree mice)-family spalacidae (zokors, bamboo rats, blind mole rats, African root rats)-family calomyscidae (calomyscus)-family nesomyidae (Malagasy rats and mice)-family cricetidae (hamsters, New World rats and mice, voles and lemmings)-family muridae (gerbils, spiney mice, old world rats, and mice)
When did animal Science begin to evolve?