- The science of describing, naming, and classifying extant and extinct organisms is a. evolutionb. phylogenyc. taxonomyd. nomenclature e. biology
- A paraphyletic group contains a. a common ancestor but not all of its descendantsb. groups of species with different common ancestorsc.a common ancestor and all of its descendants but not the most recent common ancestord. ever species ever derived from a common ancestor
- According to the figure, which pair of organisms shares the most recent common ancestor? a. lungfishes and amphibiansb. amphibians and lizardsc.mammals and crocodiles d. lizards and ostriches a
- A gene pool is a.the genes that are unique to a speciesb.all the genes in a population c.all the similiar genes in a gene family d.a swimming hole for geneticistse. a group of species that look alike but are not located in the same area at the same time
- Which statement best describes the mode of selection depicted in the figure? a. stabilizing selection, changing the average color of the population over time b. directional selection, favoring the average individual c. directional selection, changing the average color of the population over timed. disruptive selection, favoring the average individual
- Neutral variation is supported by the observation that most changes in codons occur in the third position within the codon, which often has no effect on the sequence of amino acids in the protein a. true b. false
- The human b-globin gene has two alleles, HS and HA. Individuals that are homozygous for HS have sickle-cell anemia and a lower fitness. Individuals that are heterozygotes (HSHA) do not show sickle-cell symptoms and have a resistance to malaria. Individuals that are homozygous for HA have the highest fitness but are susceptible to malaria. In areas where malaria is prevalent the HS allele is maintained in the population. What type of selection is occuring with the b-globin gene? a. stabilizingb. directionalc. disruptived. balancede. negative frequency dependant
- A population undergoing microevolution would show Hardy-Weinberg disequilibriuma. trueb. false
- The concept of a species was proposed by a.charles darwinb.john ray c.carolus linneausd.erasmus darwine.george cuvier
- Under the _______ , species are identified based on their unique habitat requirements a. phylogenetic species conceptb. biological species conceptc. evolutionary species concept d. ecological species concept e. general lineage concept
- Two species that occasionally mate and produce zygotes, but that have incompatible genes that prevent the resulting embryo from developing, are affected by a. gametic isolationb.reduced hybrid fertility c. reduced hybrid viability d. hybrid breakdown
- The gene pool of the next generation is derived froma.all individuals of a populationb.only the female members of a populationc.those individuals of a population that reproduce and have viable offspring d. individuals who are heterozygous for the genes in questione.only the male members of a population
- What phenomena tends to increase genetic variation in a population? a.gene flowb.population bottleneckc.assortative matingd.genetic drifte.founder effect
- In the Hardy Weinberg equation, the genotype frequency of heterozygotes is represented by a.2pqb.p^2c.q^2d.p^2+q^2e. p^2+2pq
- Thirty people are selected for a long-term mission to colonize a planet many light years away from Earth. The mission is successful and the population rapidly grows to several hundred individuals. However, certain genetic diseases are unusually common in this group, and their gene pool is quite different from that of the Earth population they have left behind. Which of the following phenomena has left its mark on this population?a. founder effect b.bottleneck effect c. high rates of mutation d.natural selection
- What phenomenon would violate the conditions for Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium?a. the population is isolated from other populations b. females select males based on secondary sex traitsc. the population is large d. no genotypes within the population have a reproductive advantage e. genetic drift within the population does not change allele frequencies
- Allopatric speciation is not likely to occur whena. there is no disruption in gene flow between two populations b. a geographic barrier forms between two populations c.several populations become isolated from one another as drying conditions cause a large body of water to become seperate smaller bodies of water d.separated populations adapt to different environmental conditions
- In the Hardy-Weinberg equation, p+q=_______, where p and q represent_______. a. 0, allele frequenciesb. 1, genotype frequenciesc.2, allele frequenciesd..2, genotype frequenciese.1, allele frequencies
- To analyze genetic variation in populations, one approach is to consider the frequency of alleles. When calculating an allele frequency for a diploid species, how many alleles are present for each gene? a.1b.2c.3d.4
- which of the following pairs of structures are homologous? a.pectoral fin of a shark and front flipper of porpoiseb.wing of a dragonfly and wing of a hawkc. forelimb of a dog and forelimb of a horsed. wing of a dragonfly and forelimb of a flying squirrel