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The forensic engineering investigation after the collapse of the Mianus River Bridge on 27 June 1983 brought together several experts. They all focused their attention on the hanger assemblies. As is not unusual, each emphasised different root causes and they all reached different conclusions. What modification was made to the bridge ten years before the collapse, and how did this modification adversely affect the durability of the pin and hanger assemblies (F)? 4Material Properties: We should all applaud effort by chemists and materials engineers to invent inexpensive, stronger, and safer materials in the future. Let's assume that in some years from now we have on the market a brand new material that can, at a lower cost, be the substitute to concrete in reinforce concrete construction. Despite a cost saving what basic requirement will make the construction industry very reluctant to start to use this new material (A)? And justify your choice. 5A unique aspect of the construction procedure was to assemble the roof's frame on the ground and to lift it up by means of hydraulic jacks, fixed to the top of the four corner pylons (see Fig. 4.11). In January 1973 the roof, now in its final position, but not yet burdened by the weight of the roof deck, was measured to have a deflection at the centre twice that predicted by the computer analysis. How did the engineers justify their lack of concern, and would you expect this to be the situation today when analysing the same problem by computer analysis (F & A)? 4Measurement of an earthquake's magnitude is made on the Richter scale (of which there are several variances). What is the expected number of occurrences per annum of earthquakes with magnitudes 7 and 8, and how much more energy is there in a magnitude 8 relative to a smaller one of magnitude 6 (F)? 3States who did not have prohibition before 18th amendment were largely populated (true/false)In the construction of the steel space frame for the Hartford Arena roof, the frame's top horizontal bars were configured in the shape of a cross, built up from four steel angles (Fig. 4.13). By giving a reason to justify your answer, explain if this is a good cross-sectional shape for members taking compressive force. (F)? 4Solidary benefits are those incentives associated with social benefits derived from joining a group. Examples of solidary incentives might include a person who joins the Sierra Club because they enjoy Saturday morning hikes with club members, or clubFollowing the collapse of the Hartford Arena roof, a computer model with correct buckling lengths and stiffnesses of all bars was "loaded" in steps. In terms of the load value on the roof of the day of failure being 100%, what conservative load value was calculated for the first bar to fail and what was the final load value for progressive collapse? Do you consider this gives the roof structure an acceptable margin of safety and give a justification to your answer (F & A)? 4Men would go home and spend their paycheck on alcohol instead of helping with family expenses (true/false)People stacked up on alcohol during prohibition (true/false)Following the solution by A. A. Beale and M. A. Soare to the mystery of the failure of the Bucharest Dome what two conditions at the joints do we now know must be satisfied for a light reticulated dome to be self-supporting (F)? 2One of the two Binishell collapsed, following on-site repairs to overcome a circular crack. What had the engineer overlooked when approving the change to the original design details, and what was the failure mechanism that occurred 10 years after the dome's erection (F)? 4To prevent masonry arches from opening-up and collapsing, they need massive outside buttresses. What is the form-resistant that means domes do not require such buttresses, and why are domes exceptionally strong (F)? 3Sports that were only for rich but then for everyone in 1920sBecause of the poor design detailing to 36 of the hanger assemblies should four A490 high-strength bolts per hanger have been used to connect the base plates to the trusses' top chords (F)? 2T/F: Endogenous Stains CANNOT be removed by coronal polishing or scaling.Modern oil industry was created because of ______________Cars were becoming safer in 1920s (true/false)T/F: It is important to distinguish between the types of stains before coronal polishing is undertaken to remove them.Restorative Dental Materials of Exogenous Intrinsic Stains
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