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A click is followed by food, while a click and a buzzing noise is never followed by food. In this case, the click will become a __________ for salivation and the buzzing noise will become a __________.
The sudden recovery of a response during an extinction procedure when a novel stimulus is introduced is called __________.
Feeling anxious around all objects that look like a rattlesnake is an example of stimulus __________, whereas feeling anxious only around rattlesnakes is an example of stimulus __________.
Most of the basic principles of classical conditioning have been established using procedures that involve __________ conditioning.
Conditioning trials in which the NS is followed by the presentation of a US will produce _________ conditioning; conditioning trials in which the NS is followed by the absence or removal of a US will produce ______ conditioning.
In __________ conditioning, the US is an event that the organism typically avoids; in __________ conditioning, the US is an event that the organism typically seeks out.
During conditioning, the metronome from the example in the textbook can be labeled as either a(n) __________ stimulus or a(n) __________ stimulus.
In simultaneous conditioning, the __________ of the NS occurs at the same time as the onset of the US. Simultaneous conditioning usually results in __________ conditioning.
Each pairing of the metronome and the food is called a _____________; learning is most effective when these are spaced close together.
In the case of respondent conditioning, the behaviors themselves are called __________ behaviors or simply __________.
In delayed conditioning, the time between the onset of the NS and the onset of the US is called the __________ interval (abbreviated ISI).
For the residents of Berlin and London during World War II, an air-raid siren would have been a __________ for anxiety, while the all-clear siren would have been a __________ for anxiety.
The most effective temporal arrangement for conditioning is delayed conditioning, in which the onset of the NS __________ the onset of the US, and the two stimuli __________.
In trace conditioning, the __________ and __________ of the NS precedes the __________ of the US.
A reversal design is inappropriate for an experiment in which the treatment is expected to produce a __________ change in the behavior even after the treatment is withdrawn.
The suppression ratio is the number of __________ responses divided by the number of CS responses plus the number of __________ responses.
A simple-comparison design does not allow us to determine if there is a __________ relationship between the independent and the dependent variables.
The fact that it has been several months since you noticed the sound of the morning and evening whistles at a nearby factory is an example of__________ habituation. Such habituation tends to build up slowly and disappear slowly, following which, when the stimulus is no longer presented, the ability to respond recovers slowly
Shannon and her students spend each spring and summer in the local river valley studying the vocalizations of squirrels. If they only observe and record occurrences of the behavior and the circumstances in which it occurs, they are engaging in the naturalistic observation method of research, which is a type of _____________ research.
An increase in the strength of behavior following repeated presentations of the eliciting stimulus is called __________.

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