- After a completed lesson on reflection, Ms. Zoya looks at herself in a hand-held mirror, smiling and commenting on her reflection. She then tries to look at her image in a piece of white paper and acts puzzled because she cannot see herself. She asks students why she can see herself in a mirror but not in the paper, writes their theories on the board, and asks for ideas on how to test their theories. What concept about light is Ms. Zoya most likely using as she teaches the science process of experimental design?A. the electromagnetic spectrumB. specular and diffuse reflectionC. refractionD. the reason for color
- Which activity would be appropriate for a second-grade class studying the water cycle?A. having groups use easily accessible materials (such as rocks, popsicle sticks, etc.) to build a 3D model of the water cycleB. having students engage with an online website that has various videos explaining the water cycleC. researching the impact of global warming on the water cycle and writing a reportD. completing a worksheet that labels each part of the water cycle and how they work
- Which kingdom would an organism belong to if it were a eukaryotic multicellular heterotroph with chitin in its cell walls?A. PlantaeB. AnimaliaC. FungiD. Protista
- Which of the following is the best example of a behavioral adaptation?A. Grizzly bears in Alaska will hibernate in the winter.B. Flounders on the floor of the Gulf coast use colored scales to hide from predators.C. Brightly colored male birds attract female birds for reproduction.D. A tiger's sharp claws allows it to easily tear open its prey.
- Which of the following is true about stars?A. Stars generate heat and light through endergonic reactions.B. Stars repel other stars.C. Star color is dependent upon their temperature.D. Stars generally fall into the same size range.
- Which of the following is an abiotic factor in an ecosystem?A. temperatureB. grassC. fishD. trees
- Which of the following rock types will form when windswept sand is buried and hardened into a solid mass?A. intrusiveB. igneousC. metamorphicD. sedimentary
- A tug-of-war rope is being pulled with a force of 80 N to the left by Jeff and a force of 50 N to the right by Rico. What is the net force acting on the rope?A. 130 N to the rightB. 130 N to the leftC. 30 N to the rightD. 30 N to the left
- Following an investigation on how the length of shadows changes throughout the day, Mr. Vasquez would like to assess his students' knowledge of the relationship between shadow length and time. Which of the following would be the best assessment to use?A. having students explain why shadow lengths change during the dayB. having students report on how shadows are formedC. having students draw pictures of shadows at various times of the dayD. questioning the class about when the darkest shadows form
- Which of the following is a key characteristic of scientific inquiry?A. Scientific discovery is relative, depending on who carries out the research.B. Scientific theories are open to change as new information is discovered.C. Scientific discoveries are more important than ethical decisions.D. The results of experiments should only be communicated when scientists are sure the outcome proves a scientific law.
- Which of the following functions are performed by a plant's stomata?A. Absorption of minerals and water from the soil.B. Transpiration of water out of the leaves.C. Absorption of light energy through the leaves.D. Transport of glucose through the stem.
- Where is the majority of nitrogen on Earth?A. rocksB. the atmosphereC. animal wasteD. trees
- Heart disease is a major threat to human life in the United States. Which of the following lifestyle changes is the most likely to reduce the incidence of heart disease?A. eating more red meatB. sleeping more than 9 hours per dayC. increasing the number of hours spent at workD. increasing the amount of exercise
- During a unit on cell structures, a teacher would like to gauge student understanding. Which of the following formative assessments would be most useful for this purpose?A. asking the students to collaborate with partners and create a Venn diagram of organelles and which types of cells they belong toB. administering a unit test over cell organelles and functionsC. asking students to build a model of one type of cell and label the organellesD. asking students to write an essay describing the differences between cell types
- Carbon (C) is classified as which of the following?A. solutionB. mixtureC. compoundD. element
- Which of the following activities best helps students practice the process skill of observing?A. using a magnifying glass to inspect the small features on the surface of a leafB. sorting rocks by the size of their crystalsC. using a thermometer to determine the temperature at which water boilsD. making a table to show the relative hardness of minerals
- The Moon's gravity pulled on the Apollo 11 rocket as it landed on the Moon. Which of the following statements correctly compares the Moon's gravitational force on Apollo 11 with Apollo 11's gravitational force on the Moon?A. The Moon and Apollo 11 exerted the same amount of force but in opposite directions.B. The Moon and Apollo 11 exerted the same amount of force in the same direction.C. Apollo 11 did not pull on the Moon because its mass was so small.D. Apollo 11's force on the Moon was smaller and in the opposite direction.
- Which of the following is the principal type of energy stored behind a hydroelectric dam?A. mechanicalB. gravitational potential energyC. heatD. chemical potential energy
- A student measures the volume of 12.8 ml of liquid with a graduated cylinder, checking the measurement three times to obtain volumes of 13.2 ml, 13.2 ml, and 13.1 ml. The student's measurements are:A. both precise and accurate.B. accurate but not precise.C. neither accurate nor precise.D. precise but not accurate.
- The earth is divided into four distinct layers. Which layer is composed of very hot, liquid material?A. mantleB. outer coreC. crustD. inner core