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What body system is associated with the terms 'esophagus, intestine & peristalsis'?+2
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MC #6"There are those who are dissatisfied with me. To such I would say: You desire peace; and you blame me that we do not have it. But how can we attain it? . . ."But to be plain, you are dissatisfied with me about the Negro. . . . You dislike the emancipation proclamation; and, perhaps, would have it retracted. You say it is unconstitutional—I think differently. I think the Constitution invests its commander-in-chief, with the law of war, in time of war. The most that can be said, if so much, is, that slaves are property. Is there—has there ever been—any question that by the law of war, property, both of enemies and friends, may be taken when needed? And is it not needed whenever taking it, helps us, or hurts the enemy? . . ."You say you will not fight to free Negroes. Some of them seem willing to fight for you. . . . I issued the proclamation on purpose to aid you in saving the Union. . . . Why should they do anything for us, if we will do nothing for them? If they stake their lives for us, they must be prompted by the strongest motive—even the promise of freedom. And the promise being made, must be kept."President Abraham Lincoln, letter to James Conkling explaining why he issued the Emancipation Proclamation, 1863Joseph stalin-became the leader of the USSR following Lenin's death in 1924-was politically ruthless-held absolute power as a totalitarian dictator -restricted individual freedoms the first 5 year plan-stalin established a command economy to modernize the soviet economy-believed the USSR could outproduce capitalist nations-set unreasonably high quotas for production-shifted resources away from producing necessities to creating steeleffects of the 5 year planspositive effects-industrialization and modernization-growth of infrastructure -negative effects- extremely inefficient and wasteful-few consumer goods produced resulting in shortages-high human cost including the use of slave laborcollectivization-in 1929 stalin seized millions of privately held farms and combined them into collective farms-reasons for collectivization -soviet farming was inefficient and most people farmed at the substance level-residents of cities needed food-there were too many farmworkers and not enough industrial workers-cash crops were needed results of resistance-the peasants resisted collectivization-the army was sent in to force the peasants to submit-many especially the wealthier kulak class was imprisoned-millions of peasants died severe famine-the resistance to collectivization resulted in widespread famine-peasants couldn't keep any food until their government quota had been met the great terror -dictators of totalitarian states use terror and violence to control their population-stalin believed the country had to be united with him as absolute authority-stalin believed that war with germany was coming and that the nation had to be prepared-stalin became increasingly paranoid Stalin's secret police-the NKVD was part of the secret police force of stalinist russia-could arrest and hold anyone for any reason-used torture to interrogate suspects-targeted anyone suspected of being disloyalthe great purge-the great purge- a campaign of terror against members of the communist party-during "show" trials suspects confessed to impossible crimes-thousands of government officials and military leaders were executed -millions of others were sent to labor camps called gulags persecution of othersreligious persecution-sent orthodox clergy to labor camps-forced catholic leaders to leave the USSR-abolished the practice of Judaism and prohibited islam cultural persecution -targeted those of non-russian descent-arrested and imprisoned thousands of writers, scholars and scientists Stalin's cult of personality -stalin wanted to be viewed as a godlike figure to the soviet people techniques used-widespread propaganda -strict censorship-revison of history books and photographs women enter the workforce-under stalin large numbers of women entered the workforce-by 1935 2 in 5 factory workers were women-other women worked in health care, education and service industries value of motherhood-stalin's government promoted and placed a high value on motherhood-women were encouraged to produce more workers for the nationsoviet education-soviet education expanded under stalin and schools were reformed-schools emphasized soviet ideology -children joined the "young pioneers" a communist youth organization -students learned skills necessary to contribute to industrialization-the number of citizens able to obtain university educations increased 1924-start of Stalin's rise of power1928- first 5 year plan1929- start of forced collectivization 1934-1939- the great purge1953- stalin's deaththe Russian revolution-vladimir lenin and the bolsheviks seized power in russia in 1917-the tsar was executed-lenin and the bolsheviks established communismnew ideas about govt-lenin was influenced by the socialist thinkers of the 1800s-socialism-societies should own property and resources for the betterment of everyone marxism-workers should establish a classless societycommunism- the govt should control the economy-private property should be abolisheda new form of govt-lenin and the bolsheviks created a single party state-the communist party was the only political party allowedthe communists in power-the communist party was ruled as a dictatorship-lenin stated that this was a "transitional stage"-he promised that it would last only until communism could be established the Cheka -to enforce his rule lenin created a secret police group nicknames the cheka-he launched a plan called the red terror in 1918-more than 50 thousand opponents of communism were arrested and executedthe formation of the USSR-in 1922 the party took more steps to promote loyalty -russia was divided into 12 republics all under the control of lenin -russia was renamed the union of soviet socialist republics or the soviet union-st petersburg was renamed Leningrad cause and effect land reform and its effects-cause- communists seized land from wealthy landowners and the church-the land was redistributed among peasant councils-surplus grain was taken from rural areas to feed citieseffect- production began to decline-industry suffered-a servere famine struck the country in 1921cause- the government instituted economic changes -it took control of the factories -it set wages and prices-it prohibited strikes-it rationed food and consumer goods-effect- the polices were unpopular-wealthy people fled the country-riots, strikes and unrest increased the new economic policy-to improve the economy lenin established the new economic policy-reserved many communist changes-allowed some private ownership of land and small businesses-allowed peasants to own their land and sell their surplus crops-these changes were temporary and would be reverse in the 1930scensorship and propaganda-the communist party took control of the press to silence opposition to its polices-all newspapers were censored-the party's official newspaper Pravda became the voice of the partychanges to education-the communists made significant changes to education-schools were constructed especially in rural areas-a literarcy campaign was instituted -science was encouraged-other subjects including latin and history were bannedchanges for women-communist policies encouraged increased equality for women-woman could obtain a divorce more easily-women were expected to enter the labor market-young women were encouraged to seek an education disagreement and discussion within the party-under lenin people were still able to show disagreement within the communist party-Leon Trotsky publicly disagreed-with other party and committee members-with some of Lenin's actions and decisions a shift in party power-in 1922 Lenin's health began to deteriorate and his death seemed imminent-Joseph stalin was appointed general secretary of the communist party-stalin began to appoint his allies to govt positions Joseph stalin-became the leader of the USSR following Lenin's death in 1924-was politically ruthless-held absolute power as a totalirain dictator a power vacuum-after Lenin's death the party planned to be led by a troika of leaders-instead a power struggle ensued between 2 groupstrotsky- had more liberal ideas-wanted soviet states to maintain power and controlStalin-had more conservative ideas-wanted a strong central govt-pursued an authorian govtstalins rise to power-stalin gradually increased his influence in party by:-moving his supporters into positions of power-pushing opponents out of powerful political roles-in 1927 stalin removed trotsky from the party and established totalitarian ruleeliminating opponents and enemies-stalin began to eliminate anyone who threatened his power-trotsky and other members were expelled exiled or executed-stalin also targeted ethnic groups whom he distrusted 1924- lenin died1922- the USSR was formed1927- stalin seized power
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