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What: A series of economic policies and measures implemented by the Bolsheviks during the Russian Civil War, aimed at ensuring the survival of the new Soviet state. Why significant: War Communism was significant because it represented a radical departure from traditional economic practices and a significant intervention by the state in the economy. It involved the nationalization of industry and agriculture, the requisitioning of grain and other foodstuffs from the peasantry, the abolition of private trade, and the establishment of a system of rationing and price controls. While it succeeded in keeping the Red Army supplied with essential goods, it also caused widespread famine, economic disruption, and social unrest. Decade/era: 1918-1921

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