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The This 18th century intellectucal movement resulted in regular citizens questioning the authority of their political leaders

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Greek graffito (inscription) at Abu Simbel in Egypt (AR 30): "When king Psammetichos (= the Egyptian king Psamtek II) came to Elephantine, those who sailed with Psammetichos son of Theokles wrote these things, and they went above Kerkis, as faras the river allowed; Potasimto had command of those of foreign speech [including the Greeks],and Amasis had command of the Egyptians; Archon son of Amoibichos and Pelekos son of Eudamos wrote us (i.e., these things)."

Thucydides 5.70 (AR 29): Spartans advancing to sound of aulos at Battle of Mantinea (418 BCE). After this they joined battle, the Argives and their allies advancing with haste and fury, theLacedaemonians (= Spartans) slowly and to the music of many auletes (aulos-players)—astanding institution in their army, that has nothing to do with religion, but is meant to make them advance evenly, stepping in time, without breaking their order, as large armies tend to do in the moment of engaging.

Archilochus' poetry (AR 31): [1] I am the servant of lord Enyalius (i.e., Ares)and skilled in the lovely gift of the Muses.[2] On my spear I have kneaded barley bread, on my spear Ismarian wine, and I drink it while leaning on my spear.[114] I have no liking for a general who is tall, walks with a swaggering gait, takes pride in his curls, and is partly shaven. Let mine be one who is short, has a bent look about the shins, stands firmly on his feet, and is full of courage.[5] Some Saian (i.e., a Thracian) exults in my shield (aspis)which I left—a faultless weapon—beside a bush against my will. But I saved myself. What do I care about that shield? To hell with it! I'll get one that's just as good another time.Fragment 15 (translated by D. Branscome): A mercenary (epikouros) is a great friend, Glaukos, as long as he fights.Fragment 19: The possessions of [the Lydian king] Gyges rich in gold are of no concern to me, not yet have I been seized with jealousy of him, I do not envy the deeds of the gods, and I have no love of tyranny (tyrannis). That is beyond my sights.

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