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Match state w/ former colonizer: Malaysia

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A moth's color is controlled by two alleles, G and g, at a single locus. G (gray) is dominant to g (white). A large population of moths was studied, and the frequency of the G allele in the population over time was documented, as shown in the figure below. In 1980 a random sample of 2,000 pupae was collected and moths were allowed to emerge.Assuming that the population was in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium for the G locus, what percentage of the gray moths that emerged in 1980 was heterozygous?A0%B25%C33%D67%E100%

The regulatory sequences of the operon controlling arabinose metabolism (ara operon) were studied to determine whether bacteria can respond to changes in nutrient availability. It is predicted that if those regulatory sequences are functioning properly, the bacteria will produce the enzymes involved in arabinose metabolism (structural genes B, A, and D) in the presence of arabinose.If a gene that encodes a green fluorescent protein (GFP) is substituted for the structural genes of the operon, activation of the regulatory sequences can be assayed by GFP expression. A culture of E. coli cells underwent a transformation procedure with a plasmid containing the regulatory sequences of the ara operon directly upstream of the gene encoding the GFP. The plasmid also confers ampicillin resistance to bacteria. Samples were then plated on different types of culture media. (Note: The GFP fluoresces only under UV light, not under white light.) The table below shows the results.Which of the following can best be used to justify why the GFP is expressed by E. coli cells after transformation with the plasmid?AThe presence of arabinose in the nutrient agar activated the expression of the genes located downstream of the ara operon regulatory sequences.BThe combination of ampicillin and arabinose in the nutrient agar inhibited the expression of certain gene products, resulting in the increased expression of the GFP.CThe nutrient agar without arabinose but with ampicillin activated the expression of the genes located downstream of the ara operon regulatory sequences.DBoth arabinose and ampicillin were required in the nutrient agar to activate the expression of genes located downstream of the ara operon regulatory sequences

Arsenic is a toxic element found in both aquatic and terrestrial environments. Scientists have found genes that allow bacteria to remove arsenic from their cytoplasm. Arsenic enters cells as arsenate that must be converted to arsenite to leave cells. Figure 1 provides a summary of the arsenic resistance genes found in the operons of three different bacteria. E. coli R773R773 is found in environments with low arsenic levels. Herminiimonas arsenicoxydans and Ochrobactrum tritici are both found in arsenic‑rich environments.Figure 1. Operons found in three selected bacteria for arsenic removalResearchers claim that bacteria that live in environments heavily contaminated with arsenic are more efficient at processing arsenic into arsenite and removing this toxin from their cells. Justify this claim based on the evidence shown in Figure 1.AThere are multiple operons controlling the production of proteins that process and remove arsenite from cells in both H. arsenicoxydans and O. tritici. In contrast, E. coli has only one operon devoted to arsenic removal.BBoth H. arsenicoxydans and O. tritici contain the arsR gene that codes for a repressor that turns on the operon to eliminate arsenite from the cell.CBoth O. tritici and E. coli contain the arsD gene, which codes for a protein that helps remove arsenite from the cell.DBoth H. arsenicoxydans and O. tritici. have more arsenic resistance genes than has E. coli.

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