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How do astronomers know that Jupiter has a low density?a. By measuring Jupiter's mass (from orbital data) and radius (direct measurement via spacecraft). Mass divided by volume gives an average density of about 3.1 g/cm^3.b. By measuring Jupiter's radius (from its distance and angular diameter) and orbital speed (from orbital data). Jupiter's size and speed show that it has low density, about 3.1 g/cm^3.c. By measuring Jupiter's radius (from its distance and angular diameter) and rotation speed (observing the Great Red Spot). Jupiter's size and rapid rotation rate yield a density of about 3.1 g/cm^3.d. By measuring Jupiter's mass (from orbital data) and radius (from its distance and angular diameter). Mass divided by volume gives an average density of about 3.1 g/cm^3.

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