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You're educating a patient with pneumonia on how to deep breathe by using an incentive spirometer. Which of the following is the correct way to use this device?*A. Encourage the patient to use it twice a day.B. The patient exhales into the device rapidly and then coughs.C. The patient inhales slowly from the device until no longer able, and then holds breath for 6 seconds and exhales.D. The patient rapidly inhales 10 times from the device and then exhales for 6 seconds.

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1 (Sodium, which helps regulate the extracellular fluid volume, is lost with vomiting. Chloride, which balances cations in the extracellular compartment, also is lost with vomiting. Because sodium and chloride are parallel electrolytes, hyponatremia will accompany hypochloremia. Bicarbonate and sulfate levels, magnesium and protein levels, and calcium and phosphate levels do not provide significant information in relation to the effects of vomiting.)

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