Psychology Questions
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Contemporary psychologists are LEAST likely to agree with Freud's belief thatA. conscience and gender identity form during the process of resolving the Oedipus complex. B. conscious awareness of our own mental processes is very limited.C. memories are often distorted and incomplete.D. defense mechanisms help protect individuals from anxiety.
Freud is to the psychoanalytic perspective as Allport is to the ________ perspective.A. behavioralB. humanisticC. traitD. socialcognitive
Karen Horney, a prominent neo-Freudian, disputed Freud's assumption that womenA. have weak superegos.B. perceive an internal locus of control.C. have stronger sexual instincts than men.D. never experience a phallic stage of development.
Abraham Maslow studied the lives of Abraham Lincoln, Thomas Jefferson, and Eleanor Roosevelt in order to understand the nature of
Freud's theory of personality has been criticized because itA. underestimates the importance of biological contributions to personality development.B. is contradicted by recent research demonstrating the human capacity for destructive behavior. C. is overly reliant upon observations derived from Freud's use of projective tests.D. offers few testable hypotheses that allow one to determine its validity.
People who break speed limits tend to think that many others do the same. This best illustratesA. the spotlight effect.B. self-transcendence.C. the false consensus effect.D. unconditional positive regard.
Freud's concept of projection is most similar to what today's researchers call theA. spotlight effect.B. false consensus effect. C. inferiority complex. D. Barnum effect.
Abraham Maslow suggested that those who fulfill their potential have satisfied the need forA. reciprocal determinism.B. an external locus of control. C. self-actualization.D. unconditional positive regard.
Humanistic psychologists would most likely be criticized for underestimating the value ofA. an internal locus of control. B. self-serving bias.C. social obligations.D. the spotlight effect.
Survivors' vivid memories of Nazi death camp experiences most clearly challenge Freud's concept ofA. fixation.B. repression.C. the Oedipus complex. D. motivational conflict.
Freud emphasized that emotional healing is associated with theA. fixation of repressed sexual desires. B. projection of repressed fears.C. recovery of repressed wishes.D. displacement of repressed hostilities.
The Thematic Apperception Test requires people to respond toA. incomplete sentences. B. ambiguous pictures. C. unfamiliar melodies. D. meaningless inkblots.
The famous test introduced by Hermann Rorschach asks test-takers to respond toA. frightening pictures. B. ambiguous stories.C. meaningless inkblots. D. incomplete sentences.
Carl Jung referred to a shared reservoir of memory traces from our species history as theA. self-reference phenomenon.B. defense mechanism.C. collective unconscious. D. psychosexual stages.
Research participants came to anticipate the movements of a character on a computer screen even though they were unable to identify the rule governing its movements. This best illustratesA. unconscious implicit learning. B. the "spotlight" effect.C. projection.D. repression.
Which neo-Freudian theorist emphasized the influence of the collective unconscious in personality development?A. JungB. Adler C. Horney D. Maslow
The Thematic Apperception Test is a(n)A. factor analytic test.B. projective test.C. personality inventory. D. empirically derived test.
The major reason for criticism of the Rorschach test is thatA. no computer-aided tool has been designed to facilitate scoring of the test.B. only a few of the many Rorschach-derived scores have demonstrated validity.C. the test discourages individuals from communicating openly in clinical interviews. D. the test can be used effectively only with individuals who are severely maladjusted.
Contemporary psychodynamic theorists are most likely to disagree with Freud's assumption thatA. much of our mental functioning is unconscious.B. people often struggle with conflicting wishes.C. childhood experiences influence our adulthood relationships. D. sexual drives are central to personality development.
Hasina was an abused child; as an adult, she is homeless and squanders any money she can find on alcohol.Alfred Adler would have suggested that Hasina suffers from A. an Electra complex.B. the spotlight effect.C. an inferiority complex. D. the Barnum effect.