Type I diabetes is caused when beta cells are destroyed by the immune system. The disease can start during childhood. The body produces little or no insulin. The means there is a loss of control of blood glucose levels. To treat it, patients have to inject insulin. Blood glucose concentrations need to be regularly monitored. The timing of injections must correspond with high blood glucose concentrations. Injections are given before meal times.Type II diabetes is associated with various risk factors, such as obesity, lack of exercise, age, and genetic factors. It normally starts in adults. The body has a insulin insensitivity (due to reduced number of insulin receptors). Loss of control of blood glucose levels. To treat it, patients must try to changes their lifestyle by reducing carbohydrates in the diet, eating little and often, regularly exercising. Insulin injections can be given to some patients (as insulin production can reduce over time).

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