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À la suite de celle-ci : • Le bloc or va très vite péricliter - les spéculateurs ne font pas confiance aux monnaies rattachées à l'or car, socialement, ce n'est pas tenable - les investisseurs anticipent une dévaluation, ce qui met à mal la convertibilité or des pays du bloc or. • Il va y avoir des dévaluations compétitives, consécutives à la dévaluation initiée par l'Angleterre en 1931. Beaucoup de pays abandonnent l'étalon or (cf. 1936 Front populaire en France). De fait, la seule façon de redevenir compétitif en situation de fixité des changes est de provoquer une baisse des prix par des politiques rigoureuses et procycliques (allant dans le sens de la conjoncture). • Les États-Unis vont assez vite se remettre à un niveau économique leur permettant de disposer d'un dollar fort, d'où le retour à la convertibilité en 1934.

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