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History of the Americas

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What was the largest secret society in the South?
The councils quarreled and didn't plan for the future, people were starving, not used to living in the wilderness, and didn't know how to farm. Many people just wanted to search for gold instead of farm crops.
They worked on tobacco plantations and lived lives of hard forced labor. Most were slaves for life, but some were indentured servants for a period of years. Some eventually became free planters and could vote.
They had to make everything from scratch— food, clothing, and medicine.
A Native American Samoset helped communicate with the Wampanoag Indians and Squantohelped teach them to plant corn, beans, and pumpkins, catch eels in rivers, and other fish.
The rocky soil was poor for farming but the Native Americans taught the settlers ways to farm and new crops to plant. Some moved closer to rivers and meadows for cattle. They also hunted wild game in forests and used trees for lumber and shipbuilding. They also fished for cod, halibut, & whales.
Many towns relied upon a New England style of town meetings in which all white, land holding men were allowed to participate in citizen-participation direct democracy. They also chose ministers.
1) cold, harsh winter with a short growing season; 2) starvation / lack of food; 3) disease killed 1/2 of colonists.
Their values of hard work, thrift, education, and democratic ideas still influence American society today.
European diseases killed 1000s of Native Americans, rivalries for trade increased, over trapping of animals for fur almost wiped out beavers on Iroquois lands, missionaries converted Native Americans to Christianity, and trade increased (Native Americans wanted guns, knives, copper kettles), and Europeans waged war to seize their lands.
They hoped to find riches and gold. They also hoped to discover a water route to Asia (Northwest Passage), and they wanted to claim the region for England. They also liked the location because it was easy to defend against the Spanish.
They adopted Indian foods, such as corn, tomatoes, potatoes, and squash, made adobe bricks for building, and shared art and traditions.
The winters were harsh in the north, the growing season was short, so farming was difficult, and many people chose to be coureurs de bois, fur trappers & traders, who lived outside of government control.
The French King controlled the government directly and people had little freedom. A council appointed by the king made all decisions.
1) The Spanish had superior military equipment with steel armor and guns. 2) They also had horses which frightened them. 3) The Aztec also hesitated to attack the Spanish because they thought they were gods. 4) The Inca were weak from fighting amongst themselves. 5) Many Native Americans died of European diseases like smallpox, measles, & influenza.
They introduced their language, laws, religion, and learning to Native Americans as well as blended cultures.
1) Their search for wealth (gold, trade, & agriculture), 2) to spread Christianity by converting Native Americans, 3) and to satisfy a thirst for adventure and exploration. "Gold, God, & Glory"
It was privately funded by the Dutch West India Company who hoped to profit from the fur trade.
What is the Military Reconstruction Act an example of?
What plan eventually worked and brought the union back together?

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