History of the Americas Questions

The revolt successfully drove the Spanish colonists from New Mexico, but only temporarily.

African merchants and political leaders who participated in the slave trade could use the profits to enrich themselves and build powerful new chiefdoms and states.

1.initially, the ownership of slaves and consumption of alcohol were banned.2.Its founders hoped to help "the worthy poor" by giving them land, supplies, and tools to make a fresh start in the colony.3.A number of Jews settled there after taking advantage of the founders' offer of generous land grants for anyone who paid their own way to the colony

Most early settlers wanted to leave the control of England and become part of the Spanish Empire.

He was a Spaniard who spoke out against the cruel treatment of the Indians by the Spanish.

1.He and his men were the only Europeans to ever personally encounter several declining Mississipan chiefdoms.2.The pigs which accompanied the expedition may have spread disease across the region.3.The transformation of the region's chiefdoms into decentralized confederacies was partly due to the expedition.

1.Many indentured servants were searching for work because English landowners had begun to convert cropland into pastures for sheep, so there were fewer job opportunities.2.Indentured servants were often subject to abuse and neglect as their masters tried to extract a maximum amount of work from them in order to increase profits.3.The labor of indentured servants was eventually replaced by slave labor, because slaves could be expected to work for their entire lives and produce a new generation of slaves when they had children.

The Aztecs had sacrificed so many of their own people to their gods that the population was too small to effectively resist the Spaniards' weapons.

1.Franciscan tolerance of Pueblo religious traditions helped to limit the violence of the revolt.2.The revolt was primarily motivated by the Pueblos' anger at being cheated out of the best trade deals.3.The revolt originated as an attempt by the Pueblos to end the siege at Acoma.

The North-South orientation of the continents, combined with rough terrain and widely varying climate and vegetation, made it more difficult for information to travel.

1.The demand for slaves increased with the demand for sugar.2.The eastern Mediterranean and the Balkans were no longer a source of slaves because these regions were controlled by the Ottoman Empire.3.After the Black Death killed a significant portion of the population, European workers had more choices and could demand more rights due to the decreased labor pool.

Portugese dominance of Asian overland trade routes prompted other nations to try to find new trade routes to Asia by sailing west, and they discovered the Americas.

1.They improved the soil of the rainforest by mixing it with charcoal and organic materials.2.The soils associated with these pre-contact people are so rich that modern farmers seek them out today.3.They cultivated trees as a major source of food by selectively cutting down less-useful species.

1.Large complexes of buildings, some of which featured multiple stories.2.Trade in a variety of craft items, such as woven baskets, pottery, and jewelry.3.An extensive network of wide, straight roads connecting the region.

1.Religious groups from various countries came to North America to escape persecution they had experienced at home.2.English attempts to settle Protestants in Ireland and subdue Irish Catholics established a precedent that "savage" people could be treated brutally.3.Ferdinand and Isabella hoped to find a western route to Asia that would allow them to expand the Spanish reconquista to the Holy Land.

1.Conquered peoples within the empire were hostile to their Aztec overlords and were willing to support the Spanish.2.The Aztecs had not gained complete control over central Mexico, and powerful groups outside their control were willing to support the Spanish.3.Epidemic disease weakened the Aztec empire by killing or weakening thousands of its citizens.

1.Extensive irrigation networks of terraces, dykes, and canals.2.Selective cultivation of the trees that were most useful for human needs.3.Periodic ignition of fires to manage undergrowth in forests.

The expedition traded peacefully with the various Native American groups it encountered and made a favorable impression on all they met.

Catholics believed that they must isolate themselves from Protestants, who were corrupt and decadent, and began to found large settlements.

1.People who returned from the Crusades brought back new food products that became desirable in Europe.2.More efficient methods of transferring money, building capital, forming companies with investors, and establishing credit made it possible for traders to expand their operations.3.Increasingly strong monarchs could marshal the necessary resources to support colonial outposts.