History of the Americas Questions

Measure enacted by the Virginia legislature prohibiting state support for religious institutions and recognizing freedom of worship. Served as a model for the religion clause of the first amendment to the Constitution.

Parliamentarian who persuaded Britain to take a hard line in negotiations with the newly independent United States, closing off American trade with the West Indies and continuing to enforce navigation laws.

Revolutionary war veteran who led a group of debtors and impoverished backcountry farmers in a rebellion against the Massachusetts government in 1786, calling for paper money, lighter taxes, and an end into poverty seizures for debt.

Ideal of family organization and female behavior after the American Revolution that stressed the role of women in guiding family members toward republican virtue.

Small state plan put forth at the Philadelphia Convention, proposing equal representation by state, regardless of population, in a unicameral legislature.

Provided for the sale of land in the Old Northwest and earmarked the proceeds toward repaying the national debt.

First American constitution that established the U.S. as a loose confederation of states under a weak national congress

Created a policy for administering the Northwest Territories. It included a path to statehood and forbade the expansion of slavery into the territories.

Territories acquired by the federal government from the states, encompassing land northwest of the Ohio River, east of the Mississippi River, and south of the Great Lakes

Which of the following describes a difference between Rable's and Foner's arguments in the excerpts?ARable asserts that violence in the South achieved its political goals during Reconstruction, whereas Foner asserts that this violence was suppressed at the time.BRable claims that the violence during Reconstruction was unprecedented, whereas Foner claims that this violence followed earlier patterns in United States history.CFoner argues that the North lost the will to enforce Reconstruction, whereas Rable argues that the North passed laws carrying out Reconstruction.DFoner contends that the South accepted Reconstruction, whereas Rable contends that the South revolted against Reconstruction.

Which of the following factors contributed most directly to the end of slavery in the United States?AThe movement of settlers to the West created new economic opportunities.BThe arrival of immigrants from Europe and Asia provided an expanded labor force.CThe advocacy of slavery as central to the South's economy fostered a unique regional culture.DThe Union victory in the Civil War led to the ratification of the Thirteenth Amendment.

The events described in the excerpt most directly reflected which of the following developments?AThe exchange of Enlightenment ideas between Europe and the AmericasBConcerns about political corruption among colonial officialsCThe spread of the First Great Awakening from Britain to North AmericaDEfforts across New England to convert Native Americans

The author argues that emancipation in northern states occurredAas a result of Supreme Court rulingsBthrough amendments to state constitutionsCover a long period of timeDin response to widespread protests

Which of the following pieces of evidence could best be used to modify Foner's main argument in the second excerpt?AMany African Americans were elected to the United States Congress for the first time during Reconstruction.BSouthern states were not permitted to rejoin the Union until they had ratified the Fourteenth Amendment.CAfter 1877 Democrats in the South legislated restrictions on the ability of African Americans to vote.DRadical Republicans passed the Civil Rights Act of 1875 to protect African

The Union's victory at Gettysburg was significant because itAprevented Britain and Russia from intervening in the Civil WarBprompted Abraham Lincoln to issue the Emancipation ProclamationChalted the last major Confederate invasion of the NorthDgave the Union control over the Mississippi RiverEcaused the Confederacy to surrender

Arguments similar to those expressed in the excerpt were later employed to justify which of the following?AThe entry into the Mexican-American WarBThe passage of the Kansas-Nebraska ActCThe secession of most Southern statesDThe ratification of the Fourteenth Amendment

Which of the following is a similarity between Rable's and Foner's arguments in the excerpts?ABoth highlight the use of federal force to uphold the Constitution.BBoth focus on many Southerners' opposition to racial equality.CBoth discuss congressional legislation to protect African American suffrage.DBoth assert that Northerners cared little about the outcome of Reconstruction.

Which of the following factors can best be used to explain the Union victory in the Civil War?ASuperior military leadership, particularly early in the warBGreater population and industrial developmentCStronger resilience and ideological commitment to a causeDBetter understanding of contested territory and shorter supply lines to resources

Which of the following is a similarity between how Whitman and Giddings made their arguments?ABoth used examples of Mexico's behavior to support their points.BBoth sought to justify their positions to international observers.CBoth drew on principles from the Constitution to make claims.DBoth made religious appeals to prove their assertions

Which of the following developments could best be used as evidence to support Stevens' claim about African American suffrage in the last paragraph of the excerpt?ARepublican candidates won most presidential electoral votes in the North in the late 1860s and 1870s.BMany Northern business leaders supported the Republican Party during Reconstruction.CDemocrats dominated the Southern states after suppressing African American voting rights.DPresident Ulysses S. Grant used federal authority to counter voter intimidation in