History of Europe Questions

believed people in their natural state were basically good but that they were corrupted by the evils of society, especially the uneven distribution of property

English mathematician and scientist- invented differential calculus and formulated the theory of universal gravitation, a theory about the nature of light, and three laws of motion. was supposedly inspired by the sight of a falling apple.

Made the scientific method also known as the bacon method

German astronomer who was self taught and was the first women to discover a comet.

believed natural rights of the Enlightenment should extend to women

George Washington was the first President of the United States, the Commander-in-Chief of the Continental Army during the American Revolutionary War, and one of the Founding Fathers of the United States.

English philosopher who was critical of the growing belief that humans, through science, were the masters of the universe

He believed that he would only accept things that his reason said was true. He seperated mind and matter that created Cartesian dualism. Mathematics would help humans understand the world arund them. Believed in deductive methods.

French philosopher and writer whose works epitomize the Age of Enlightenment, often attacking injustice and intolerance.

He believed in a system of checks and balances in the government: Legislative, Executive, and Judicial

each branch of government was some control over the other branches

discovered that the paths of the planets around the sun are elliptical rather that circular

means accepting and respecting others, even if different

a form of government in which power is shared between the national and state governments

A Polish astronomer who proved that the Ptolemaic system was inaccurate, he proposed the theory that the sun, not the earth, was the center of the solar system.

a document that announced the United States became free from Britain

the doctrine that scientists should proceed from the particular to the general by making systematic observations and carefully organized experiments to test hypotheses or theories, a process that will lead to correct general principles

Set of amendments passed to protect individual rights

a system of thought expounded by Rene Descartes based on the belief that reason is the chief source of knowledge

a system in which rulers tried to govern by Enlightenment principles while maintaining their full royal powers