Genetics Questions

All of these statements are true of population genetics EXCEPT for:a. Population geneticists usually do not care about the absolute counts of the different genotypes in a population.b. absolute counts are a more practical measurement than frequencies.c. Population geneticists draw a random or unbiased sample of individuals from a population.d. Frequencies sum to 1.0.

Is this an example of genotype or phenotype?AA

When a shape is shaded in on a pedigree what does this mean?

A sheep farmer is worried about mutations in his flock. If his flock consists of 2000 sheep, what is the probability that any novel mutation appearing in his sheep flock will eventually be lost?a. 0.77775b. 0.56554c. 0.00025d. 0.99975

Is this an example of genotype or phenotype?Skin color

AA - is this heterozygous or homozygous?

How is a female shown on a pedigree?

The assumption of random mating has been violated if any of these is a more likely mate than a random individual, EXCEPT for:a. a phenotypically similar individual.b. a relative.c. a stranger.d. a neighbor.

A researcher is studying two sets of linked loci in mice. Both sets consist of one mutant allele and one wild-type allele. For the first set of linked loci, the D value is 0.4. For the second set, the D value is 0.1. What can the researcher conclude?a. The mutant alleles in both sets of linked loci originated at the same time.b. Neither set of linked loci demonstrates linkage disequilibrium.c. The mutant allele in the second set of linked loci originated earlier than the mutant allele in the first set of linked loci.d. The mutant allele in the first set of linked loci originated earlier than the mutant allele in the second set of linked loci.

A researcher has identified two new single nucleotide polymorphisms in mice. The first SNP occurs in noncoding DNA, and as such is a _____ SNP. The second occurs in an exon; it changes an amino acid produced by the affected mouse gene but does not produce a stop codon. The researcher would classify this as a _____ SNP.a. nonsynonymous; noncodingb. noncoding; synonymousc. nonsynonymous; synonymousd. noncoding; nonsynonymous

Single nucleotide polymorphisms are considered _____ if they occur at a frequency of at least 0.05 in the population.a. HapMapsb. mutationsc. commond. rare

White-throated sparrows have two major phenotypes: white-striped and tan-striped crown. Approximately 98 percent of the observed pairings (mated pairs or social pairs) between white-throated sparrows are between mates with different phenotypes and the correlation between mating types is −0.964. The white-throated sparrow exhibits _____ mating.a. negative assortativeb. positive assortativec. inbredd. random

There were 261 matings documented in the wolves of Yellowstone National Park between 1995 and 2015. Of these, 63.6 percent were between gray and black wolves, and the correlation between mates for color was −0.266. What type of mating is taking place here?a. inbredb. randomc. positive assortatived. negative assortative

A horse breeder is presented with five stallions, and she chooses the stallion she thinks demonstrates the greatest Darwinian fitness. Likely the stallion she chose:a. appears strong.b. sired many foals.c. is healthy with no history of disease.d. has sired many foals, is strong and healthy, and has no history of disease.

A scientist is studying nucleotide diversity in many model organisms. Which organism do you suspect will demonstrate the LEAST nucleotide diversity?a. fliesb. bacteriac. miced. yeast

In a sample of 10 frogs there are 15 A alleles and 5 a alleles. Assume the population is in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. What are the genotype frequencies in this sample?a. A/A = 0.60, A/a = 0.40, a/a = 0.00b. A/A = 0.375, A/a = 0.56, a/a = 0.0625c. A/A = 0.563, A/a = 0.375, a/a = 0.0625d. A/A = 0.33, A/a = 0.33, a/a = 0.33

_____ is the probability that two alleles in an individual are descended from a common ancestor.a. Population structureb. Disassortativenessc. The inbreeding coefficientd. Inbreeding depression

Which of these statements is TRUE?a. The frequencies of the different heterozygous classes are half the product of the frequencies of the first and second allele.b. If allele a has a frequency of 1 in a thousand, then only 1 in a thousand individuals will be homozygous for that allele.c. The Hardy-Weinberg law still applies where there are more than two alleles per locus.d. The frequencies of each of the homozygous genotypes are simply the square root of the frequencies of the alleles.

Which of these is the average inbreeding coefficient?a. FAb. Ftc. FId. fA/a

If p is equal to 0.56, what is q equal to?a. 0.88b. 0.22c. 0.56d. 0.44