~true-breeding tall with true-breeding dwarf~Tall x dwarf = all tall offspring~Mendel thought the dwarf plant trait had been lost (disappeared)~F1 tall x F1 tall = 3/4 tall and 1/4 dwarf~F1 "tall" offspring carried dwarf trait that was hidden~dwarf trait had been passed down to offspring and reappeared in F2 generationA proficient engineer can easily design skeletal structures that are more functional than those currently found in the forelimbs of such diverse mammals such as horses, whales, and bats. The actual forelimbs of these mammals do not seem to be optimally arranged because __________.Cystic fibrosis is a genetic disorder in homozygous recessives that causes death during the teenage years. If 9 in 10,000 newborn babies have the disease, what are the expected frequencies of the dominant (A1) and recessive (A2) alleles according to the Hardy-Weinberg equation?produce seeds by joining the egg/sperm from two different pea plants, preventing the possibility of self-pollinationSoon after the island of Hawaii rose above the sea surface, the evolution of life on this new island should have been most strongly influenced by ____________.In a very large population, a quantitative trait has the following distribution pattern. If there is no gene flow, the curve shifts to the left or to the right, and the population size consequently increases over successive generations, which of the following is most likely occurring?In 1986, a nuclear power accident in Chernobyl, USSR, led to high radiation levels for miles surrounding the plant. The high levels of radiation caused elevated mutation rates in the surviving organisms, and evolutionary biologists have been studying rodent populations in the Chernobyl area ever since. Based on your understanding of evolutionary mechanisms, which of the following most likely occurred in the rodent populations following the accident?1. the law of dominance and recessiveness2. the principle of segregation3. the principle of independent assortment1. readily available2. easy to grow3. grow rapidly4. sexual structures of the flower are completely enclosed within petals = no accidental cross-pollination between plantsIn the formula for determining a population's genotype frequencies, the "pq" in the term 2pq is necessary because ____________.Which of the following is the most predictable outcome of increased gene flow between two populations?What type of selection for body size appears to be occurring in these marine iguanas?Three-spined stickleback fish show substantial heritable variation in gill-raker length related to differences in their diets. Longer gill rakers appear to function better for capturing open-water prey, while shorter gill rakers function better for capturing shallow-water prey. Which of the following types of selection is most likely to be found in a large lake with a high density of these fish?The Dunkers are a religious group that moved from Germany to Pennsylvania in the mid-1700s. They do not marry with members outside their own immediate community. Today, the Dunkers are genetically unique and differ in gene frequencies, at many loci, from all other populations including those in their original homeland. Which of the following mechanisms likely explains the genetic uniqueness of this population?Arrange the following in order from most general to most specific.1. natural selection2. microevolution3. intrasexual selection4. evolution5. sexual selectionNeanderthal DNA revealed that there are more similarities to non-African DNA than reference sequences from West Africans. Additionally, scientists found that Neanderthal DNA is as closely related to East Asians as to Europeans. This indicates that interbreeding occurred before humans migrated further east. What process of population genetics generated these results?Which Hardy-Weinberg condition is affected by population size?If individuals tend to mate within a subset of the population, there is ____________.Which of the following is the best modern definition of evolution?
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