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sometimes the wrongful act can result in both civil/tort and criminal actions against the wrong doer

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When a plaintiff has both federal and state-based claims against a defendant and diversity jurisdiction does not exist, the federal court has:A Discretion to exercise supplemental (pendent) jurisdiction over the state law claim if the two claims derive from a common nucleus of operative fact and are such that a plaintiff would ordinarily be expected to try them all in one judicial proceedingB Discretion to exercise supplemental (pendent) jurisdiction over the state law claim, regardless of whether the two claims derive from a common nucleus of operative factC No discretion to exercise supplemental (pendent) jurisdiction over the state law claim; it must transfer all claims to state courtD No discretion to exercise supplemental (pendent) jurisdiction over the state law claim; it must do so

A complaint _____ create federal question jurisdiction if it alleges federal issues only in anticipation of some defense.may will will not

If no federal question is involved and diversity does not exist when a case is commenced, removal will:A. Be permitted if the nondiverse parties are thereafter dismissed from the action and the requirements for diversity jurisdiction are thenB. Be permitted if the nondiverse parties are thereafter dismissed from the action, the requirements for diversity jurisdiction are then present, and not more than one year has passed since the case was commenced in state courtC. Not be permitted under any circumstancesD. Be permitted, because subject matter jurisdiction is not required for removal

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