Cell Biology Questions
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Proteins that allow the diffusion of ions across membranes in the direction of their concentration gradients are most likelyaquaporins.carrier proteins.active transport pumps.channel proteins.
Thylakoids, DNA, and ribosomes are all components found inNucleusCell MembraneMitochondrionChlroplast
The evolution of eukaryotic cells most likely involvedThe loss of membrane bound organellesA decrease in genetic complexityA reduction in ceullular specializationEndosymbiosis of an oxygen-using photosynthetic bacterium in a larger host cell-the endosymbiont evolved into mitochondria
A primary function of polysaccharides attached to glycoproteins and glycolipids of animal cell membranes is tofacilitate diffusion of active transport of molecules into the cell.maintain membrane fluidity at low temperatures.maintain the integrity of a fluid mosaic membrane.mediate cell-to-cell recognition.
According to the fluid mosaic model of cell membranes, which of the following is a true statement about membrane phospholipids?
The primary structural components of the cell membrane are
Passive movement of fluids and bacteria from the interior of the small intestine through the space between cells of the intestinal wall can cause serious infection and medical complications. Defects in which of the following would be associated with such a condition?
A cell with an abundance of free ribosomes is most likelyproducing primarily cell wall or extracellular matrix components.producing primarily proteins for secretion.producing primarily cytoplasmic proteins.producing primarily an abundance of new membranes.enlarging its vacuole.
Movement of vesicles within the cell depends on what cellular structures?MicrotubulesRibosomesGolgi apparatusEndoplasmic Reticulum
Which of the following correctly describes the pathway taken by a protein destined for secretion from an animal cell?Smooth ER → Golgi apparatus → lysosomes → plasma membraneGolgi apparatus → rough ER → vesicles → lysosomesRough ER → lysosomes → Golgi apparatus → plasma membranerough ER → transport vesicle → Golgi → transport vesicle → plasma membrane
Which of the following statements about the cytoskeleton is true?The cytoskeleton is only found in animal cells.The cytoskeleton is composed of a single type of protein.The cytoskeleton is not involved in cell division.Movement of cilia and flagella is the result of motor proteins causing microtubules to move relative to each other.
Which organelles or structures are absent in plant cells?NucleusCentrosomesEndoplasmic reticulumGolgi apparatus
A cell has the following molecules and structures: enzymes, DNA, ribosomes, plasma membrane, and mitochondria. It could be a cell fromAny prokaryotic organismArhae bacteriaAny eukaryotic organism
Which organelle often takes up much of the volume of a plant cell?CytoplasmVacuoleSmooth ERGolgi
One advantage of light microscopy over transmission electron microscopy is thatLight microscopy provides higher resolution images than transmission electron microscopy.Light microscopy can visualize structures at the atomic level, which transmission electron microscopy cannot.Light microscopy requires thinner samples compared to transmission electron microscopy.light microscopy allows one to view dynamic processes in living cells.
Which of the following may be found in eukaryotic cells, but not in bacteria?Cytoplasmendoplasmic reticulumNucleusCell Membrane
Which structure is the site of the synthesis of proteins destined for export from the cell?Rough ERSmooth ERLysosomesChloroplast
Which of the following statements correctly describes a function of the Golgi apparatus?Synthesizes ATP for cellular energy. Regulates the movement of molecules into and out of the cell. Stores genetic material in the form of DNA.Protein modification and sorting
Which plant cell organelle contains its own DNA and ribosomes?NucleusCell membraneMitochondrionChrloroplast
If O2 is available, NADH is re-oxidized by the electron transport chain (during oxidative phosphorylation) leading to complete oxidation to CO2 and reduction of O2 to H2OIf O2 is unavailable, NADH is re-oxidized by the reduction of pyruvate to either lactate or ethanol (depending on organism or cell type).