Cell Biology Questions
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Organisms transform energy from one form to another. Put the following forms of energy in the order that they are harvested and converted, starting at the top with a form of energy that is not in an organism.
Redox reactions occur simultaneously: for every molecule that is reduced (gains electrons), another molecule is ______ (loses electrons).
Energy can be measured in units called ______.
Photosynthesis converts the ______ energy in sunlight into the ______ energy in sugars.
In an electron transport chain, ______ is captured from electrons as they are passed between proteins called electron carriers.
What organic molecules catalyze (speed up) chemical reactions?
The potential energy stored in covalent bonds is also called ______ energy.
Stored energy that can be used to do work is called _________ energy, while energy of motion that is being used to do work is called ________ energy.
ATP can be synthesized by the addition of a phosphate group to a molecule of ______, which is a reaction that requires energy.
Fatty acids enter the degradative pathway in the form ofA. glycerolB. glucoseC. acetyl-CoAD. brown adipose tissueE. pyruvate
Most of the ATP molecules in eukaryotic cells are made in organelles called ______ during cellular respiration.
Like the subunits of DNA and RNA, ATP is a type of
True or false: The more disordered a system is, the higher its entropy.
One energy law states that energy cannot be created or destroyed; it can only
A group of proteins aligned in a membrane can form a(n) ______ transport chain, which releases energy at each step in the chain and plays a role in both photosynthesis and respiration.
According to physical laws, energy transformations overall lead to ______ disorder.
In oxidation-reduction reactions, energized ______ are transferred from one reactant to another.
A(n) ______ reaction occurs when an atom or molecule loses an electron, along with a corresponding loss of energy.
ATP stands for ______ triphosphate, which is a molecule that powers many cellular reactions.
Living organisms are able to increase in complexity due to a constant input of ______ from the sun, but because the universe as a whole is also decreasing in complexity by a greater amount, the ______ in the universe is always increasing.