Cell Biology Questions

enzyme-mediated chemical reactions take place when a substrate molecules bind to the ___ ___ of an enzyme

a ___ ___ is a sequence of reactions occurring in an individual cell that are organized so that the product of one reaction becomes the substrate of the next

What is the term used to describe the energy of a system that is available to do work?

where does a substrate bind on an enzyme in order for a chemical reaction to take place?

what molecule is a common energy source for living organisms?

the activation energy is a barrier to the formation of products. How can this be overcome?

with very few exceptions, all energy that enters biological systems ultimately comes from the ___

Helicase, topoisomerase, DNA polymerase, primase, leading strand and lagging strand, DNA single-stranded binding proteins, ligase

1) Phosphate group 2) Sugar (Deoxyribose in DNA) 3) Base (G / C / A / T)

Adenine (A) pairs with Thymine (T)Cytosine (C) pairs with Guanine (G)

Nucleotides -> single strand -> double helix -> chromosome -> genome

NAD+ (oxidized form) and NADH (reduced form) / FAD (oxidized form) and FADH2 (reduced form)

Active site, substrates, enzyme-substrate complex, products, saturation

1) glycolysis 2) Acetyl CoA formation 3) Krebs cycle 4) electron transport chain

Enzymes- lower the activation energy but are not changed or consumed by the reaction. They are reusable.

Nucleus acid structure, DNA structure, chromosome structure

Enzyme concentration, substrate concentration, temperature, pH, inhibitor concentration

• glycolysis (anaerobic) = 2 ATP • Krebs cycle (aerobic) = 2 ATP • ETC (aerobic) = 34 ATP • 38 ATP's (theoretically) are produced per 1 molecule of glucose. • 30-34 ATPs are actually produced

Which statement best describes a direct role of ATP in a paramecium?

In cellular respiration, how much ATP is produced per molecule of glucose?