Biology Questions
Explore questions in the Biology category that you can ask Spark.E!
- difficulty in school- poor social skills- trouble getting along with others- difficulty planning or working towards a goal- problems staying on task- problems with behavior and impulse control
- environmental exposures- pharmaceuticals- lifestyle factors- neonatal abstinence syndrome- volatile chemicals, pesticides, lead dust from lead paint, etc.
pregnant women should avoid these foods because their immune system is weaker:- recalled foods- raw sprouts- raw seafood- unpasteurized milk, juice, cider- soft cheeses and raw milk cheeses- soft-serve ice cream- pre-made meat or seafood salad, meat spreads- undercooked or raw eggs- smoked seafood- hot dogs, lunch meat
- distinctive facial features- small head circumference and brain size- heart defects- vision/hearing problems- slow physical growth
avoid sharing utensils and food with babies or children, good handwashing (endemic; no vaccine or treatment)
- asthma- eating disorders- epilepsy- migraine- heart disease- high blood pressure- kidney problems- autoimmune disorders- overweight/obese- nicotene use- STIs- Thyroid disease- Uteriine fibroids- diabetes- cancer- polycystic ovary syndrome (hormonal imbalance)- HIV
- intellectual disability- learning disorders- poor memory- trouble identifying consequences of choices- difficulty with problem solving and reasoning- rapidly changing moods
- Toxoplasmosis (toxoplasma gondii; protozoan parasite)- Rubella- Cytomegalovirus- Herpes Simplex- HIV
- large size of baby (more likely to need c-section)- high BP- preeclampsia- 50% go on to have Type 2 diabetes
- causes toxicity to the nervous system of developing- animal studies suggest nicotine use during pregnancy plays a key role in offspring health effects including type 2 diabetes, obesity, hypertension, neurobehavioral defects
microcephaly (abnormal smallness of the head, associated with incomplete brain development), hearing loss, seizures, developmental delay
miscarriage/stillbirth, deafness, heart defects, intellectual disabilities, low birthweight
- age- chemical exposure to tobacco, alcohol, certain medications- stress- chronic disease (diabetes, heart disease, obesity, high blood pressure, autoimmune disorders)
failure of neural tube closure by week 4 (day 28 after conception); often occurs before mother knows shes pregnant
- review medical history/pre-existing conditions- screening recommendations- medications/exposures- healthy lifestyle - what would this look like
The allantois is a blind, endoderm-lined extension of the yolk sac that lies in the umbilical cord and opens into the cloaca, where the bladder forms
When the urachus lumen fails to close, a patent urachus (which may allow leakage of urine from the umbilicus), urachal cyst, or vesicourachal diverticulum can result
When the allantois atrophies, it is renamed the urachus, which, in turn becomes the median umbilical ligament after birth
When the vitelline duct fails to regress, a vitelline fistula (which may allow leakage of GI contents from the umbilicus), vitelline duct cyst, or Meckel diverticulum can result
The vitelline duct normally atrophies (regresses)