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Baumartenverschiebung: Welche baumarten werden zurückkgehen? welche werden häuffiger?

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32. Assume that you find a population of finches in which the members have a bimodal distribution in bill size. Someindividuals have a significantly larger bill than others, regardless of sex. Under which condition could disruptiveselection maintain this bimodal distribution of bill size?A) The population has two major food sources that differ markedly in size.B) Bills of the intermediate size are difficult to form.C) In the original population, all of the birds had large bills, but there is continual immigration of birds with small billsinto the population.D) Males use their bills in two different forms of sexual display.E) Directional selection cannot act on bill size.

26. In Lewis Carroll's Through the Looking-Glass, the Red Queen tells Alice, "In this place it takes all the runningyou can do to stay in the same place." How is this statement logically connected with the idea of evolution bynatural selection?A) As individuals evolve to better fit their environment, their environment also changes, subjecting the individuals tocontinually changing selective pressures.B) Running in place is an important measure of optimal running speed, which is a strong correlate of survival andreproduction.C) As populations evolve to become better adapted to their environments, their environments also change,subjecting the populations to continually changing selective pressures.D) As individuals evolve through natural selection, they tend to develop characteristics that cause them to be lessadapted to their environment.E) As individuals evolve through natural selection, they tend to move to new places that are very similar to theplaces in which they originally evolved.

33. Until the middle of the 19th century, all peppered moths (Biston betularia) observed around Manchester,England, were light in color. In 1845, a single black peppered moth was reported. As Manchester became moreindustrialized and dark soot began to cover the bark of the trees, the frequency of black moths increased greatly.The change in proportion of light and dark forms resulted from:A) disruptive selection.B) directional selection.C) decreased population size.D) the ability of moths to change color within their lifetimes.E) increased mutation.

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