33. Until the middle of the 19th century, all peppered moths (Biston betularia) observed around Manchester,England, were light in color. In 1845, a single black peppered moth was reported. As Manchester became moreindustrialized and dark soot began to cover the bark of the trees, the frequency of black moths increased greatly.The change in proportion of light and dark forms resulted from:A) disruptive selection.B) directional selection.C) decreased population size.D) the ability of moths to change color within their lifetimes.E) increased mutation.

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