Anatomy Questions
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The secretion of aldosterone is directly stimulated by _______.- Angiotensin II- A change in body fluid osmolarity- Renin- Angiotensin I
Functions of the urinary system include- Regulation of blood volume and blood pressure.- Regulation of plasma concentration of certain ions.- Helping to stabilize blood pH.- Conservation of valuable nutrients.- All of the above
The expanded beginning of the ureter connects to the- Renal calyx.- Renal pelvis.- Renal hilum.- Renal sinus.- Renal corpuscle.
When the level of ADH (antidiuretic hormone) decreases,- More urine is produced.- Less urine is produced.- The osmolarity of the urine decreases.- More urine is produced and the osmolarity of the urine decreases.- None of the above occurs.
Secretion of ADH would _______.- Decrease glomerular filtration rate- Increase glomerular filtration rate- Increase urine output- Decrease urine output
All of the following are true of the kidneys, except that they are- Located in a position that is retroperitoneal.- Covered by peritoneum.- Located partly within the pelvic cavity.- Held in place by the renal fascia.- Surrounded by a fibrous capsule.
The primary function of the kidneys involves regulating the ________ and the ________ of plasma and interstitial fluid.- Temperature; composition- Volume; temperature- Pressure; volume- Composition; osmolarity- Volume; composition
Increased sympathetic tone can do all of the following, except- Increase the glomerular filtration rate.- Increase systemic blood pressure.- Stimulate peripheral vasoconstriction.- Produce venoconstriction of blood reservoirs.- Increase cardiac output.
Which of the following is NOT part of the urinary system?- Liver- Bladder- Kidneys- Urethra- Ureters
ADH is produced in the _______.- Adrenal cortex- Hypothalamus- Posterior pituitary- Anterior pituitary
If the diameter of the afferent arterioles leading to the glomerulus increases (vasodilation) which of the following is not likely to occur?- Systemic blood pressure will go up.- Glomerular filtration rate will increase.- Urine output will increase.- Net filtration pressure will increase.
The portion of the nephron that empties into the collecting duct is the- Papillary tubule.- Distal convoluted tubule.- Nephron loop (loop of Henle).- Proximal convoluted tubule.- Calyx.
Which of the following is NOT a function of the kidneys?- Maintenance of electrolyte balance in the body- Maintenance of plasma osmolarity- Exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide with the tissues- Maintenance of acid-base balance of the blood
Where does blood leaving the glomerulus go to next?- Efferent arteriole- Vasa recta- Afferent arteriole- Peritubular capillary- Bowman's capsule
Glucose is reabsorbed _______.- By facilitated diffusion- Through transmembrane proteins- Into the peritubular capillaries- By secondary active transport- All of the above are correct.
Blood leaves the glomerulus through a blood vessel called the- Cortical radiate artery.- Efferent arteriole.- Vasa recta.- Renal vein.- Afferent arteriole.
What is(are) the driving force(s) for filtration in the nephron?- Hydrostatic pressure gradients and osmotic pressure gradients- Starling forces- Hydrostatic pressure gradients- Hydrostatic pressure gradients, osmotic pressure gradients and Starling forces- Osmotic pressure gradients
Which of the following is not an important function of the kidney?- Control of total body water- Regulation of blood pressure- Control of production of red blood cells by bone marrow- Control of the electrolyte composition of the blood- Excretion of excess albumen
What are the two main parts of the nephron?- The renal corpuscle and the renal tubule- Glomerular filtration and tubular reabsorption- The efferent and afferent arteriole- The glomerulus and the proximal convoluted tubule
Each of the following is a normal constituent of urine, except- Amino acids.- Proteins.- Creatinine.- Hydrogen ions.- Urea.