Anatomy Questions

TRUE or FALSE: The kidneys lie on the posterior abdominal wall, within the peritoneum.

Once a sympathetic preganglionic axon reaches a trunk ganglion, it can do all but which one of the following?A) synapse with a parasympathetic neuron in the same trunk ganglionB) synapase with a ganglionic neuron in the same trunk ganglionC) ascend or descend the trunk to synapse in another trunk ganglionD) pass through the trunk ganglion without synapsing with another neuron

The white rami communicantes ________.A) are found only in the - cord segmentsB) are unmyelinatedC) carry preganglionic axons to the sympathetic chainD) carry postganglionic fibers to the periphery

Which sympathetic fibers form the splanchnic nerve?A) those that synapse with parasympathetic fibersB) those that synapse in the same trunk ganglion they enteredC) those that synapse with somatic fibersD) those that pass through the trunk ganglion to synapse in collateral or prevertebral ganglia

Raynaud's disease ________.A) is characterized by exaggerated vasoconstriction in the extremitiesB) is induced by heat stressC) occurs primarily in association with injury to the spinal cordD) is frequently life threatening

Which of the following is not a plexus of the vagus nerve?A) cardiacB) pulmonaryC) celiacD) esophageal

Visceral reflex arcs differ from somatic in that ________.A) visceral arcs contain two sensory neuronsB) somatic arcs contain one additional component that visceral arcs do not possessC) visceral arcs involve two motor neuronsD) visceral arcs do not use integration centers

Which of the following is not a result of parasympathetic stimulation?A) salivationB) dilation of the pupilsC) increased peristalsis of the digestive visceraD) elimination of urine

The parasympathetic tone ________.A) prevents unnecessary heart decelerationB) accelerates activity of the digestive tractC) determines normal activity of the urinary tractD) causes blood pressure to rise

Fibers that enter and leave the sympathetic chain without synapsing form structures called ________.A) white rami communicantesB) gray rami communicantesC) spinal nervesD) splanchnic nerves

Which of these effectors is not directly controlled by the autonomic nervous system?A) smooth muscleB) cardiac muscleC) skeletal muscleD) most glands

The parasympathetic ganglion that serves the eye is the ________.A) ciliary ganglionB) pterygopalatine ganglionC) submandibular ganglionD) otic ganglion

Which of the following statements is not true?A) Sympathetic origin is craniosacral; parasympathetic is thoracolumbar.B) Sympathetic ganglia are within a few centimeters of the CNS; parasympathetic are close to visceral organs served.C) Sympathetic division has short preganglionic and long postganglionic fibers; parasympathetic has long preganglionic and short postganglionic fibers.D) Sympathetic has extensive branching of preganglionic fibers; parasympathetic has minimal branching of preganglionic fibers.

The "resting and digesting" division of the autonomic nervous system is the ________.The "resting and digesting" division of the autonomic nervous system is the ________.A) parasympathetic divisionB) sympathetic divisionC) somatic divisionD) peripheral nervous system

Autonomic ganglia contain ________.A) an outer connective tissue capsule around the cell bodies of preganglionic motor neuronsB) synapses between postganglionic fibers and their effectorsC) the cell bodies of motor neuronsD) both somatic afferent and efferent neurons

Sympathetic nerves may leave the spinal cord at which vertebra?A) second cervicalB) third lumbarC) first coccyxD) first thoracic

Preparing the body for the "fight-or-flight" response is the role of the ________.A) sympathetic nervous systemB) cerebrumC) parasympathetic nervous systemD) somatic nervous system

Cardiovascular effects of the sympathetic division include all except ________.A) constriction of most blood vesselsB) dilation of the vessels serving the skeletal musclesC) increase of heart rate and forceD) dilation of the blood vessels serving the skin and digestive viscera

The parasympathetic fibers of the ________ nerves innervate smooth muscles of the eye that cause the lenses to bulge to accommodate close vision.A) opticB) oculomotorC) trochlearD) abducens

Over 90% of all parasympathetic fibers are derived from cranial nerve number ________.A) VB) VIIC) XD) XII